India’s Parliament performs multiple functions including law-making, executive oversight, financial control, and constitutional amendments, making it the cornerstone of democratic governance.

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• Parliament holds legislative authority to make laws on Union and residuary subjects, and it can override state laws on concurrent matters in case of conflict.
• It exercises control over the executive through mechanisms like question hour, motions, and debates, ensuring accountability of the government to the people.
• Financial powers include approval of taxation and expenditure, along with budget scrutiny and monitoring through parliamentary committees for transparent governance.
• Parliament has the authority to amend the Constitution under Article 368, subject to the basic structure doctrine established by judicial interpretation.
• It performs judicial functions such as impeachment of the President and removal of judges and constitutional authorities for misconduct or violation of provisions.
• Electoral responsibilities include participating in the election of the President and Vice-President and regulating electoral laws through various legislative acts.
• Parliament can legislate on State List subjects under special conditions such as national emergency or when authorised by the Rajya Sabha.
• It also acts as the highest deliberative body, discussing national and international issues while approving emergencies and modifying state boundaries when required.