Fundamental Duties are constitutional responsibilities added to encourage patriotism, discipline and civic awareness among citizens while balancing Fundamental Rights with duties towards the nation.

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• Fundamental Duties are included in Part IV-A of the Indian Constitution.
• They were added through the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1976 during Emergency period.
• Concept of Fundamental Duties was inspired from the Constitution of Russia.
• Duties were introduced on recommendations of the Swaran Singh Committee.
• Initially, there were 10 Fundamental Duties in the Constitution.
• The 86th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2002 added the 11th Fundamental Duty.
• All Fundamental Duties are mentioned under Article 51A.
• These duties remind citizens that rights should be balanced with responsibilities.
• Fundamental Duties are non-justiciable and cannot be directly enforced by courts.
• Citizens must respect the Constitution, National Flag and National Anthem.
• Protecting sovereignty, unity and integrity of India is a constitutional duty.
• Citizens should promote harmony beyond religious, linguistic and regional differences.
• Protecting forests, rivers, wildlife and environment is also a Fundamental Duty.
• Developing scientific temper, humanism and reformative thinking is encouraged.
• Safeguarding public property and rejecting violence are important civic responsibilities.
• Citizens should strive for excellence in all spheres for national progress.
• Parents and guardians must provide education opportunities to children aged 6–14 years.