The Election Commission of India (ECI), formed in 1950 under Article 324, is a constitutional body that oversees free and fair elections across India. Based in New Delhi, the ECI ensures democratic processes for elections to Parliament, State Assemblies, and top national offices. It currently operates with three members: one Chief Election Commissioner and two Election Commissioners.

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• ECI ensures free, fair, impartial elections across India
• Established in 1950 under Article 324 of the Constitution
• Headed by CEC + 2 Election Commissioners, all appointed by President
• Equal powers; decisions by majority vote; CEC removal only like SC judge
• Conducts elections for Lok Sabha, Rajya Sabha, State Assemblies, President & Vice-President
• Maintains electoral rolls; updates and verifies voter lists
• Enforces Model Code of Conduct to regulate political behaviour during polls
• Can postpone/cancel polls in case of violence, disaster, or malpractice
• Regulates parties: symbol allocation, registration, and recognition disputes
• Tracks candidates’ election spending; promotes fair campaigning via SVEEP, EVM, VVPAT