The President of India exercises veto powers under the Constitution to review bills passed by Parliament. These powers help ensure constitutional compliance, prevent hasty legislation and maintain checks and balances within the democratic system.

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• Veto Power is the authority of the President to approve, reject or delay a bill passed by Parliament.
• The power is primarily provided under Article 111 of the Indian Constitution.
• Article 201 deals with the President’s veto powers over certain State bills.
• Veto power acts as a constitutional safeguard against flawed or unconstitutional laws.
• It strengthens checks and balances between the executive and legislature.
• The President of India possesses Absolute Veto, Suspensive Veto and Pocket Veto.
• Absolute Veto means the President completely refuses assent to a bill.
• A bill rejected through Absolute Veto does not become law.
• Absolute Veto is generally used for Private Member Bills or certain government bills.
• Suspensive Veto allows the President to return a bill for reconsideration.
• If Parliament passes the bill again, the President must give assent.
• Suspensive Veto cannot be exercised on Money Bills.
• Pocket Veto means the President keeps a bill pending without taking any action.
• The Constitution does not specify a time limit for presidential assent.
• Former President Giani Zail Singh famously used Pocket Veto in 1986.
• India’s President does not possess the Qualified Veto available to the US President.
• The President cannot veto a Constitutional Amendment Bill.
• The 24th Constitutional Amendment made presidential assent mandatory for Constitutional Amendment Bills.
• President also exercises veto powers over certain bills reserved by State Governors.
• Veto powers help protect constitutional values and improve legislative scrutiny.