Public Service Commissions manage recruitment to civil services in India. Established under Articles 315–323 of the Constitution, they ensure merit-based selection and strengthen transparent public administration.

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• Constitution establishes Union Public Service Commission and State Public Service Commissions under Articles 315–323, ensuring independent recruitment mechanisms that safeguard merit, transparency, and efficiency in India’s civil services.

• Union Public Service Commission conducts recruitment for central government services, while State Public Service Commissions organize examinations, interviews, and selection processes for administrative posts within respective state governments.

• Members of Union Public Service Commission serve six years or until sixty five years of age, whereas State Public Service Commission members serve six years or until sixty two years.

• President appoints and removes Union Public Service Commission members, while governors appoint State Public Service Commission members, though removal authority for both commissions ultimately rests with the President.

• Commissions advise governments on recruitment methods, promotion principles, disciplinary matters, service extensions, temporary appointments exceeding one year, and legal expense claims of civil servants.

• Recommendations of Union Public Service Commission and State Public Service Commissions remain advisory, and governments explain cases of non acceptance through annual reports presented to Parliament or state legislatures.

• Financial independence maintained as salaries, allowances, pensions, and operational expenses of commissions are charged on the Consolidated Fund of India or respective state consolidated funds.

• Joint State Public Service Commission may be created through parliamentary legislation upon request of state legislatures, enabling common recruitment systems for two or more participating states.