The rise of the Mongols began with the arrival of Mongol leader Genghis Khan, who called himself the “Curse of God.” The Mongols expanded their empire through aggressive invasions, including an attack on the Khwarezmian Empire in 1218. The Delhi Sultan, Iltutmish, resisted the Mongols and brought some relief to the region.

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• Genghis Khan’s rise marked the beginning of the Mongol invasions.
• In 1218, Mongols attacked the Khwarezmian Empire, boosting their military strength.
• Delhi Sultan Iltutmish fiercely resisted the Mongols, providing some relief in the early invasions.
• The Mongol invasions led to the loss of Sindhu River as India’s western border, and Mongols continued their attacks.
• Iltutmish managed to capture Lahore and Multan, creating a strong defensive line against the Mongols.
• Genghis Khan died in 1227, marking a pivotal moment in Mongol history.
• After Genghis Khan’s death, his empire was divided among his sons, weakening their power.