India is advancing geothermal energy development through new wells, pilot projects and policy support, aiming to build reliable low-carbon electricity and heating capacity.

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• India is exploring its estimated 10.6 GW geothermal potential to diversify renewable energy sources and strengthen reliable, low-carbon electricity and heat supply.
• The National Policy on Geothermal Energy, notified in September 2025, provides a framework for systematic exploration, development and utilisation of geothermal resources.
• ONGC Energy Centre commissioned India’s first two geothermal wells at Puga Valley, Ladakh, supporting reservoir evaluation and a planned 1-MW demonstration project.
• Geological Survey of India has mapped 381 hot springs and identified 10 geothermal provinces containing sites suitable for electricity generation and direct heat applications.
• Geothermal energy can provide round-the-clock power largely independent of weather, while underground heat can support electricity generation, heating, cooling and agriculture.
• India is exploring Enhanced Geothermal Systems, Advanced Geothermal Systems and abandoned oil and gas wells to expand development opportunities and potentially reduce exploration challenges.
• Government-supported projects in Gujarat, Arunachal Pradesh and Hyderabad are testing electricity generation, combined solar-geothermal systems, geothermal cooling and shallow geothermal heating applications.
• India is strengthening geothermal research through funding, data repositories, pilot projects and international cooperation with countries including Australia, Iceland and Saudi Arabia.
• India’s global geothermal ambitions remain at an early stage, as commercial-scale power generation has yet to be established despite substantial mapped resources.
• Global geothermal power capacity reached 15.67 GW by the end of 2025, with five leading countries accounting for around 67% of installed capacity.
• Geothermal development could complement solar and wind by providing dependable renewable energy while supporting heating, cooling, agriculture, aquaculture and tourism applications.
• As India pursues its 2070 net-zero target, geothermal energy could emerge as an additional indigenous pillar supporting a diversified long-term clean-energy system.