The Central Bureau of Investigation is the central government’s top investigative body, handling corruption, economic offences and major crimes under the Delhi Special Police Establishment Act.

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• Established in 1963, originated from Special Police Establishment 1941, recommended by Santhanam Committee to combat corruption and major crimes
• Functions under Ministry of Personnel as non-statutory body, deriving powers from Delhi Special Police Establishment Act 1946
• Headed by Director assisted by senior officers, including special directors, joint directors, police officials and forensic experts
• Director appointed by committee of Prime Minister, Leader of Opposition and Chief Justice of India ensuring balanced selection process
• Tenure initially 2 years, extendable up to 5 years with annual extensions based on public interest and committee recommendation
• Investigates corruption, economic offences, cybercrime and serious crimes, also acts as India’s nodal agency for Interpol coordination
• Requires consent of state governments to exercise jurisdiction, highlighting federal structure and coordination with state police