The First Battle of Panipat was fought on April 21, 1526, in North India between Babur and Sultan Ibrahim Lodi. It marked the end of the Delhi Sultanate and the beginning of the Mughal Empire. Babur used superior tactics and artillery to defeat a much larger Lodi army.

BulletsIn

• Battle took place on April 21, 1526, near Panipat, north of Delhi
• Babur’s army had 13,000–15,000 troops with 20–24 cannons
• Ibrahim Lodi’s army had 30,000–40,000 soldiers and hundreds of war elephants
• Babur used Tulughma formation to divide and encircle Lodi’s forces
• Ottoman-style “Araba” cart barrier shielded Mughal artillery
• Lodi’s elephants panicked due to cannon noise, trampled own troops
• Ibrahim Lodi died on battlefield, abandoned by his generals
• Lodi dynasty ended; Delhi Sultanate collapsed
• Battle led to establishment of Mughal Empire in India
• First major Indian battle using gunpowder and field artillery