The Parsi reform movement emerged in 19th-century Bombay to modernise Zoroastrian practices by promoting rational religion, women’s education, print culture, and opposition to rigid orthodoxy. BulletsIn Reform Movements by Parsis began in mid-nineteenth century Bombay, shaped by Western education, Christian missionary influence, and growing internal demands for social and religious modernisation. Early intellectual awakening occurred
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The Parsi reform movement emerged in 19th-century Bombay to modernise Zoroastrian practices by promoting rational religion, women’s education, print culture, and opposition to rigid orthodoxy. BulletsIn Reform Movements by Parsis began in mid-nineteenth century Bombay, shaped by Western education, Christian missionary influence, and growing internal demands for social and religious modernisation. Early intellectual awakening occurred
81In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, North India witnessed major reform movements led by Arya Samaj and Dev Samaj. Founded by Swami Dayanand Saraswati in 1875, Arya Samaj aimed to reform Hinduism by returning to Vedic principles. Meanwhile, Shiv Narayan Agnihotri’s Dev Samaj (1887) promoted ethical living and social reforms. These movements targeted
In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, North India witnessed major reform movements led by Arya Samaj and Dev Samaj. Founded by Swami Dayanand Saraswati in 1875, Arya Samaj aimed to reform Hinduism by returning to Vedic principles. Meanwhile, Shiv Narayan Agnihotri’s Dev Samaj (1887) promoted ethical living and social reforms. These movements targeted
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