Jyotiba Phule founded the Satyashodhak Samaj in 1873 in Maharashtra to fight caste-based discrimination and Brahminical dominance.
The Samaj promoted education, social justice, and equal rights for women, Dalits, and lower castes.

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• Founded in 1873 by Jyotiba Phule in Maharashtra
• Aimed to uplift lower castes, women, and the poor
• Rejected Brahmin dominance and caste-based priesthood
• Advocated direct access to God without intermediaries
• Spread anti-Brahmin ideology that triggered peasant uprisings
• Supported widow remarriage and women’s education
• Denounced Vedic supremacy and Aryan cultural dominance
• Shahu Maharaj, later leaders continued the movement
• Encouraged cottage industries and economic self-reliance
• Disintegrated in 1930s as leaders joined Indian National Congress