On May 13, 2025, President Droupadi Murmu invoked Article 143 to seek the Supreme Court’s advice on Governors’ powers over State Bills. The move follows the Court’s criticism of the Tamil Nadu Governor’s delay in assenting to Bills. The Reference raises 14 constitutional questions, aiming to resolve long-standing legal ambiguities.

BulletsIn

• President invokes Article 143 for SC opinion on Governors’ Bill powers

• Triggered by SC ruling on TN Governor’s delay in assenting 10 Bills

• SC had deemed delay illegal, Bills considered as having received assent

• 14 constitutional questions raised on Articles 200, 201, 142, 361, etc.

• Key issue: Is Governor bound by state Cabinet’s advice under Article 200?

• Questions on whether courts can set timelines for Bill assent

• SC asked if President’s actions under Article 201 are judicially reviewable

• Clarifies if Article 361 immunity blocks court review of Governor actions

• Reference could limit delays, clarify roles of President, Governor

• Major implications for Centre-State ties and judicial intervention limits