A team at the Indian Institute of Astrophysics has, for the first time, accurately estimated Helium levels in the Sun’s photosphere. This breakthrough, published in Astrophysical Journal, was achieved by analyzing Magnesium and Carbon spectral lines—overcoming a long-standing challenge in solar physics.

BulletsIn

• First accurate Helium estimate in Sun’s photosphere by Indian team
• Done by Indian Institute of Astrophysics (IIA), Bengaluru
• Study uses Mg and C spectral lines instead of direct Helium lines
• Photosphere lacks observable Helium lines—makes direct measure hard
• Method compares atomic vs. molecular lines for Mg and C
• Change in He affects H levels, which alters molecule formation
• Matches He/H ratio (0.1) assumed in past but now confirmed
• Aligns well with earlier helioseismology estimates
• Researchers: Satyajeet Moharana, B.P. Hema, Gajendra Pandey
• Technique proves reliable, may improve solar opacity models