The Chauri Chaura incident took place on February 4, 1922, in Gorakhpur district of Uttar Pradesh, when a clash between protesters and the British police escalated into violence. Protesters set a police station on fire after police firing, leading to the death of over twenty policemen. The event forced Mahatma Gandhi to suspend the Non-Cooperation Movement due to his firm commitment to non-violence.

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•  Incident occurred during the Non-Cooperation Movement led by Gandhi.
•  Protest over local issues escalated after police arrested movement leaders.
•  Around 2,000–2,500 protesters marched and confronted police again.
•  Police firing killed protesters, triggering mob retaliation.
•  Protesters burned the Chauri Chaura police station; 22–23 policemen died.
•  Gandhi condemned the violence and suspended the movement on Feb 12, 1922.
•  Suspension caused division among leaders; Nehru, CR Das formed Swaraj Party.
•  British imposed martial law, arrested hundreds, and launched mass trials.
•  Initial verdict gave 172 death sentences; High Court later reduced most.
• Incident became a key lesson in limits of mass mobilisation without discipline.