Constitution of India under Part IV includes Article 43 as a Directive Principle of State Policy, directing the State to ensure living wages, decent working conditions, leisure, and promotion of rural cottage industries. Adopted in 1950 after debates in 1948, it reflects the framers’ vision of economic democracy and social justice for workers across sectors.

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• Part IV DPSP; non-justiciable but fundamental in governance
• State to secure living wage, not mere subsistence wage
• Covers agricultural, industrial, all categories of workers
• Emphasis on leisure, social & cultural opportunities
• Promotes rural cottage industries; cooperative model preferred
• Aims to reduce rural distress, migration imbalance
• Links economic security with political democracy
• Expanded from Draft Article 34 to include agricultural workers