Archaeological excavations at Keeladi near Madurai have revealed a well-planned urban settlement from the Sangam era. Research since 2015 shows early urbanisation, literacy, and cultural sophistication in ancient Tamil society.

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•  Site located along Vaigai river basin, Sivaganga district, Tamil Nadu
•  Excavations began in 2015 by ASI and Tamil Nadu archaeology department
•  Carbon dating traces settlement to around 580 BCE
•  Evidence of organised urban habitation from Sangam period
•  Brick structures, ring wells, and planned layouts uncovered
•  Pottery, tools, and household artefacts found in large numbers
•  Graffiti-inscribed pottery points to literacy and symbolism
•  Advanced water management and craft production evident
•  Findings reshape views on early South Indian urban history
•  Artefacts displayed at Keeladi Heritage Museum for public access