The National Commission for Backward Classes (NCBC) is a constitutional body under the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment. It works to safeguard the rights and welfare of socially and educationally backward classes. The Commission gained constitutional status in 2018 following Supreme Court directions and constitutional amendments.

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•  NCBC set up in 1993 after Indra Sawhney (Mandal) case
•  Became constitutional body in 2018
•  Works under Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment
•  Examines conditions of socially, educationally backward classes
•  Article 338B defines powers and functions
•  Article 342A empowers President to notify OBC lists
•  Chaired by Chairperson, Vice-Chairperson, three members
•  Can investigate complaints, review welfare schemes
•  Has civil court powers while hearing cases
•  Recommendations not binding on government