Union Cabinet of India approved India’s updated Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) (NDC 3.0) for 2031–2035 to be submitted to United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) under the Paris Agreement.

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• India was required to submit updated NDC by 2025 as part of its commitment under the Paris Agreement framework.
• By December 2025, 128 countries covering about 78% of global emissions had already submitted updated NDCs.
• NDC 3.0 is based on findings of the 2021 Global Stocktake which showed the world is not on track to limit warming to 1.5°C.
• New targets balance development needs, energy security and climate responsibility under CBDR-RC principle.
• India aims to achieve 60% of total installed electricity capacity from non-fossil sources by 2035.
• India has already achieved 52.57% non-fossil capacity by February 2026, surpassing earlier 2030 target.
• Government targets 47% reduction in emissions intensity of GDP by 2035 compared to 2005 levels.
• India had already achieved around 36% reduction in emissions intensity by 2020.
• India plans to create additional carbon sink of 3.5 to 4 billion tonnes CO₂ equivalent by 2035.
• As of 2025, India has already created 2.29 billion tonnes of carbon sink through forest and tree cover.
• NDC 3.0 strengthens India’s global climate leadership, especially among Global South nations.
• Targets align with India’s long-term goal of achieving Net Zero emissions by 2070 and Viksit Bharat 2047 vision.
• NDC is a country-specific climate action plan outlining emission reduction, adaptation and sustainability goals.
• India’s first NDC (2015) targeted 33–35% emissions intensity reduction and ~40% non-fossil capacity by 2030.
• Updated NDC (2022) increased ambition to 45% emissions intensity reduction and 50% non-fossil capacity.