The Indian Constitution incorporates select provisions from global constitutions, adapting them carefully to India’s unique social, political, and administrative needs.

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• Several structural features were influenced by colonial administrative experience and the Government of India Act, 1935.
• From the United Kingdom, India adopted the parliamentary system, rule of law, single citizenship, and cabinet government.
• From the United States, fundamental rights, judicial review, and judicial independence were incorporated.
• The Canada inspired a strong centralised federation and vesting of residuary powers in the Centre.
• Directive Principles of State Policy and the method of presidential election came from Ireland.
• Emergency provisions were drawn from the Weimar Constitution of Germany.
• The concurrent list and concept of joint parliamentary sittings were adopted from Australia.
• Fundamental duties and ideals of liberty, equality, and fraternity were influenced by the Soviet Union and France.